AI Generated Content

What Is Membership Inference Attack? Membership Inference Attack (MIA) is a technique that reveals if a certain data sample was used for training a deep-learning model. Generative models, apart from classifying samples, should also be able to extend their performance to handle other, previously unseen data. However, handling new and poorly explored data can somewhat

Model Inversion Attack: Overview Model inversion is a complex attack scenario, in which a deep-learning model is trained on the output of the target model. It is done so that the input data can be predicted, which can allow tracking the target’s model initial training data corpus. Classification of Model Inversion Attacks (MIAs) Commonly, Inversiona

What Is Training Data Extraction Attack? Data extraction attack is a technique that allows to obtain samples initially used for training a neural network. It is achievable by preparing a specific attack model that can infer if a certain data point was actually used in a training dataset. What Makes Extracting Data Possible Extraction attacks

Do Language Models Remember Training Data, and Why Is It A Threat? It is acknowledged that Large Language Models — and potentially other GenAI models — are prone to memorize pieces of training data that are irrelevant to their designated task.  The phenomenon is dubbed unintended memorization — it occurs because a model in question

What Is Voice Conversion? Voice conversion is a technique of adjusting someone’s voice to exactly mimic another person’s timbre, accent, articulation, and other vocal and speech parameters. In most scenarios, voice conversion can both be pre-recorded or applied in real-time thanks to various deep learning solutions.   What Is Voice Conversion Attack? Voice conversion attack (VCA)

What Are the Main Algorithms for Detecting AI-Generated Texts? There are three main approaches to detect synthesized writing: Virtually all existing detectors rely on these approaches.  Is It Necessary to Distinguish AI-Generated and Human-Written Texts? It is acknowledged that an ability to accurately detect synthetic writing is crucial. Large Language Models (LLMs) can be used

What Is Generative AI? Generative AI is a type of artificial intelligence based on deep learning. Its purpose is to produce various media — text, music, video, images, code — that are synthesised from scratch. However, while bearing a glimpse of novelty, GenAI’s creations cannot be made without large training datasets and, therefore, are compilatory

What Is a Spoofing Attack on an AI-Text Detector? AI text detector spoofing is a deliberate attempt of presenting a text created with a Large Language Model (LLM) as a human-written to a detecting solution or vice versa. Typically, it is possible by inserting small perturbations into the writing, which confuses an AI-detector, as it’s

Is It Possible to Transform Speech or Text to Real Material Objects? Transforming speech into objects is rather an elusive concept, which nevertheless, begins partly turning into reality with the GenAI’s advent. The idea can be materialized through a synergistic effect of several AI types put together: Even though the concept may seem rather futuristic,

GenAI Usage in Manufacturing and Its Benefits Apart from producing multimedia, Generative AI has also been adopted to solve manufacturing-related issues. They include blueprint designing, production planning, supply chain management, product quality control, financial calculations, and even creation of new ideas and concepts. While AI-powered manufacturing is a young industry, there are some advances in

What Is Geo-Spoofing? Geographical spoofing is a technique of hiding someone’s location or even counterfeiting a genuine GPS signal. It can be done for both neutral and nefarious purposes. In the former scenario it is performed to bypass geographical restrictions that can be put on online services, content, information, and so on. In the latter

When Did the First AI Image Generators Appear? The earliest known AI image generator can be dated back to 1973 when the British painter Harold Cohen began working on his “computer-assistant” dubbed Aaron. The kinvention was tuned to understand fundamentals of the visual art and could autonomously generate artwork.  Further evolution of picture generators continued

Are Deepfakes Used in Art? Generative AI is used for multiple positive purposes in arts, culture, and media. For example, Versatile Recurrent Neural Network (VRNN) and other models can be applied to restore old footage dating back to as far as the late 19th century.  Other solutions are capable of reconstructing appearance of the ancient

Can Deepfakes Have Positive Applications? There is a cornucopia of ways to use deepfake technology positively. It is estimated that at least 5 major areas can benefit from the help of generative algorithms: Generative systems are a part of the AI-assitence paradigm that sees artificial intelligence as a helpful tool rather than a threat. Use

What Is Knowledge Distillation? Knowledge distillation (KD) is a process of transferring knowledge from a more sizable neural model to a smaller one. A more robust model is used to “teach” a simpler student neural network. This is done to cut the computational and deployment costs whenever a model needs to be adapted for a

What Countries Are the Leaders in GenAI Development? Even though the early prototypes of GenAI emerged in the 1960s, little to no attention was drawn to Artificial Intelligence until the 1980s when the “AI renaissance” began, stimulated by various technological factors. During that period, the USA was the main “brain center” for AI research, though

Why is AI-Generated Content Detection Important? Content produced by Large Language Models (LLMs) lacks human expertise and understanding, which often makes it unreliable and even dangerous. A GenAI model, ChatGPT is known to provide false and harmful medical advice, discriminative statements, incorrect legal information, and so on.  Besides, it can be used for making fake

What Is Text Watermarking? Text watermarking is a technology, which allows copyright protection with the help of special metadata inserted into a copy of a text. This metadata contains details on authorship, owner status, publication date, and other info that can be extracted to avoid unauthorised distribution, counterfeiting, intellectual theft, and so on. While the

The problem of bias — related to age, ethnicity, or race — has been discussed in relation to AI since robust facial recognition models have become widespread. Currently, the problem can be also observed in the way the text detectors function — they are suspected to be biased towards non-native English authors.  In turn, this

Can AI-Generated Text Be Detected by Plagiarism Checkers? Plagiarism concerns in regard to GenAI have been raised repeatedly, especially since models capable of synthesizing media have become publicly available. Currently, AI-written texts aren’t acknowledged as intellectual property or original writing as they draw ideas, narratives, and stylistics from other people’s works. While the plagiarism and

What Are the Main Methods of Natural Language Watermarking (NLW)? NLW is a technique that protects a writing with a special signal that is invisible to a regular reader. This signal usually contains metadata pertaining to the text: date of release, authorship, genre, copyright info, and so on. Among the main NLW methods are the

What Is Natural Language Watermarking (NLW)? Natural Language Watermarking (NLW) is a technique, which helps labeling a text with a special signature invisible to a human eye. In essence, this measure helps prevent plagiarism and data leakage (“traitor tracing”), as well as allows tracking down tampered information and even performing text anti-spoofing. However, NLW is

Artificial Superintelligence and Potential Threats Artificial Superintelligence (ASI) is a concept, which refers to an AI so powerful, it can overshadow the collective intelligence of the entire humankind combined. In this regard, a concern has been raised about possible threats posed by an ASI towards humans. According to an expert survey (2022 ESPAI), there’s a

What Are Adversarial Attacks in Natural Language Processing (NLP)? Adversarial attacks in NLP are a malicious practice of altering text with slight perturbations which can lead to a poor or inadequate performance of a text-based AI system. These perturbations include deliberate misspelling, rephrasing and synonym usage, insertion of homographs and homonyms, back translation, and so

Is It Possible to Detect AI-Generated Text — And Why Is It Necessary? Opinions vary on whether detection solutions can effectively spot AI texts. A skeptical view would take the position that at some point the difference between human writing and AI-made content will disappear as neural models progress at a lighting speed.  However, there

How Do AI-Generated Text Detectors Work? AI detectors search for specific signals left by Generative AI. They include: However, an opinion by the authors of this 2024 study states that the more parameters a generative model has, the more challenging it will be to detect its presence. The Main Methods of AI-Generated Text Detection There

What Are AI Paraphrasers? An AI paraphraser is a GenAI tool capable of rewriting text with different words, while retaining the original semantic meaning. Paraphrasing is divided into several types: Paraphrasing is actively used on par with AI text generation, which in turn widens the possibilities of academic dishonesty and plagiarism. According to the University

Why Is It Important to Detect AI-Generated Text?  The GenAI era has exposed a multitude of problems that come along with the advent of automated content creation. Namely, AI-created texts can be used to: At the same time, detecting such content is still a challenge. Detectors prove to be vulnerable to text modifications — grammatical

How Accurate Are AI-Generated Text Detectors? AI text detectors aim to distinguish written content generated with deep neural models: GPT, RNN, GAN, and others. Even though such detectors have been developing in parallel with the content generators themselves, their accuracy still remains a debatable topic. According to a 2023 study, an OpenAI classifier tool could

What is Voice Cloning and How It Can Be Used in Financial Fraud? Voice cloning is a machine learning-based technology which can plausibly mimic a voice. With the help of neural models, it’s possible to imitate timbre, intonation, accent, and even emotion that is inherent to human speech. Voice cloning is known to be featured

Voice cloning is a technology based on machine learning with the goal of seamlessly mimicking a person’s voice. Voice cloning (VC) is an advanced technology powered by Artificial Intelligence (AI) that is capable of imitating a given person’s voice with uncanny precision. Neural Network architectures employed in the process can mimic subtle nuances, including intonations,

In the light of the rapid advancement of machine learning, issues regarding Intellectual Property (IP) have become especially relevant. In essence, there are three main concerns: As a result, a number of thought experiments and concepts have been proposed to preserve Intellectual Property rights in the Generative AI era. Examples of Copyright Violations in GenAI

What Are Data Poisoning Attacks? With the recent boom of AI and Large Language Model (LLM) usage among the public, apprehensions have increased as to whether these tools could be used by bad actors for destructive purposes. These concerns have merit, as there are many ways these models could be compromised.  One such malicious technique

What are Prompt Injection Attacks? A prompt injection attack is a malicious technique which uses a text prompt to trick a GenAI model into delivering output that contradicts the law, moral norms, or user safety requirements. Large Language Models (LLMs) are often primary targets of this attack. It’s typically orchestrated using the jailbreak approach —

Danger of Fake Text News and Social Bots in Social Media Fake news has been considered a tangible threat since at least 2016, when the US presidential elections were affected by fake tweets, news articles, and blog posts coming from both inside and outside the country. Now, false information on social media is known to

What Are AI Worms A GenAI worm is a piece of malicious software that is tailor-made to target Generative AI. The term draws inspiration from the computer worms that first appeared in the 1980s, even though the idea dates back to when John von Neumann indirectly predicted this concept in 1949. GenAI worms focus on

Definition and Problem Overview A social media stream refers to a feed or wall of content gathered from various digital platforms and then streamed through a specific online channel. Such a channel can be a digital signage, social media aggregator, or a similar outlet: some examples include YouTube Live, Hootsuite, and so on. A physical

Example from https://thispersondoesnotexist.com: Although the image appears ultra-realistic, there are discernible artifacts suggesting its deepfake nature. The reflections in the pupils are not identical, and the left and right lenses of the glasses are not symmetrical. History of the Term Deepfake (derived from ‘deep learning’ and ‘fake’) is a falsified synthetic media — video, photo,

Definition and Problem Overview As new applications for AI continue to expand, so does the concern over its potentially questionable — or even dangerous — applications. AI Ethics is a new field in the area of Artificial Intelligence which addresses these moral issues raised by AI innovations. While AI adds to the toolkit of malicious

Definition and Problem Overview Even though advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been known to the broader public since at least 2017, the need for its legal control has been realized just recently, leading to a concept of Ethical AI. It asserts that successful AI legal regulation has five elements: AI has been acknowledged as a

Definition and Problem Overview The potentially disastrous consequences of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been a topic of discussion since at least the late 19th century – that was when R.C. Reade’s novel, The Wreck of the World, captured the public’s interest by describing a rebellion of self-aware machines against humanity. Similar fears were addressed in

Music generation with artificial intelligence (AI) was first explored by a Soviet mathematician Rudolf Zaripov in his 1960 study “On algorithmic description of process of music composition”. In it, he described a simple algorithm of generating a music piece: It should follow a three-part

Emergence of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) allowed automating numerous tasks: drawing pictures, generating large volumes of text, writing programming code, assessing its quality, and so on. Natural Language Processing (NLP) especially benefits from GenAI’s

Introduction of Generative AI led to prompt-based media generators that could draw, compose music, or write sophisticated texts. Text-to-Video (T2V) is an instance of GenAI with the first documented video generator being Sync-DRAW (2016). A new wave of AI video

The earliest instance of Generative AI (GenAI) can be dated back to 1966 when the first chatbot was introduced. The second-oldest chatbot in history named PARRY saw the light only in 1972 — it was designed to emulate thinking patterns of a patient with paranoid schizophrenia

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a component of artificial intelligence (AI), which helps it understand and utilize human speech to interact with real people. The dawn of NLP began in the early 1900s when Ferdinand de Saussure formulated his structuralist approach towards

Text-to-image (TTI) generation is a process, in which a highly realistic AI-image is produced following a user’s written request. It is a relatively new offshoot of deep learning: the first model that could make a drawing on a written prompt — alignDRAW — saw the light in 2015

With the introduction of ChatGPT in November 2022, a significant concern has been raised around content created by the AI. The chatbot — the early version of which was designed in 2018 — is based on foundational and large language models (LLMs). Consequently, it can

Overview AI Text Detectors, alternatively referred to as AI Writing Detectors or AI Content Detectors, are digital tools engineered to identify if a portion or an entire text has been composed by artificial intelligence (AI) applications, such as ChatGPT. AI detectors have